Where Did the French East India Company First Established Its Factory in India

Where Did the French East India Company First Established Its Factory in India

The company was unable to establish a prosperous colony in Madagascar, but was able to establish ports on the nearby islands of Bourbon and Île-de-France (present-day Réunion and Mauritius). By 1719 it had moved to India, but the company was on the verge of bankruptcy. In the same year, the East India Company under the leadership of John Law merged with other French trading companies to form the Compagnie Perpétuelle des Indes. The French economy collapsed drastically in 1721 due to Law`s reforms. After this event, the company resumed operations and established itself in India. [9] The reorganized company regained its operational independence in 1723. Among the Dutch, Danes, Portuguese and French, the French East India Company was the last to be founded. Jean-Baptiste Colbert founded the French East India Company in 1664. The company`s first attempts to establish a prosperous colony in Madagascar failed.

In 1667, under the direction of Francis Caron, the company established the first factory in Surat and, a year later, the second factory in Masulipattanam. In constant competition with the already established Dutch East India Company, the French company undertook costly expeditions, which were often harassed and even confiscated by the Dutch. The French East India Company prospered briefly from 1670 to 1675; But by 1680, little money had been made and many ships were in need of repairs. On February 4, 1673, Bellanger de l`Espinay, a French officer, settled in the Danish lodge of Pondicherry and began the French administration of Pondicherry. In 1674, François Martin, the first governor, launched ambitious plans to transform Pondicherry from a small fishing village into a prosperous port city. However, the French were in constant conflict with the Dutch and English. In 1693, the Dutch conquered Pondicherry and enlarged the fortifications. The French recaptured the town in 1699 by the Treaty of Ryswick, signed on 20 September 1697. In the 1680s, the company went bankrupt and had no choice but to lease its monopoly to a group of merchants. [8] Indian trade remained under the company for about thirty years.

In 1716, the Scottish financier John Law presented himself to the French court. The French court was in deep poverty and unable to pay its debts caused by the War of the Spanish Succession. [8] Law approached the Crown with a plan to create a national bank and introduce paper money, which would ease the transition from France to banking. [8] French East India Company, nickname (1664-1719) French East India Company (French: “French East India Company”) or (1719-20) East India Company or (1720-89) French East India Company (“French East India Company”), one of the French trading companies founded in the 17th and 18th centuries to oversee French trade with India, East Africa and other parts of India Oceans and East Indies. The initial capital of the reorganized East India Company was £15 million, divided into shares of £1,000 each. Louis XIV financed the first 3 million pounds of the investment, to which the losses of the first 10 years were to be credited. [4] The stock exchange sold quickly, as Louis XIV`s courtiers realized that it was in their interest to support the king`s initiative abroad. The East India Company obtained a 50-year monopoly on French trade in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, a region stretching from the Cape of Good Hope to the Strait of Magellan. [4] The French monarch also granted the company a permanent concession for the island of Madagascar and all the other territories it was able to conquer. The company had greater resources and a better political bank than previous French companies in the Indian Ocean.

Colbert`s obsession with VOCs led to a number of early disappointments. One of the main objectives of the France was to establish a French company in Madagascar to compete with the Dutch colony of Batavia. It was designed by Jean-Baptiste Colbert and chartered by King Louis XIV for trade in the Eastern Hemisphere.[7] It was born from the merger of three earlier companies, the China Company of 1660, the Orient Company and the Madagascar Company. The company`s first general manager was François de la Faye, which included two directors of the two most successful commercial organizations of the time: François Caron, who had worked for the Dutch East India Company for 30 years, including more than 20 years in Japan,[2] and Marcara Avanchintz, an Armenian merchant from Isfahan. Persian. [3] In 1604, the Frenchman King Henry IV approved the first East India Company and granted the company a 15-year monopoly on trade with India. However, this predecessor of Colbert`s East India Company was not a joint-stock company and was financed by the Crown.[4] The seventeenth century was littered with failures French efforts to settle and trade in the East Indies. They were influenced by the successful trade of the Dutch in Asia. [5] Between 1630 and the early 1660s, French efforts were less, but they succeeded.

French ships cross the Persian Gulf, the Red Sea and the northwest coast of the Indian subcontinent. [6] These achievements pale in comparison France compared to England and the Dutch Republic. The French Atlantic ports aspire to compete and merge with each other. Dupleix was extremely talented, taking advantage of rivalries between local rulers and seeing it as a divine opportunity to establish the French Empire in India. He was a diplomat and fascinating par excellence, which earned him a respectable position in the Indian political scenario. But it was the British who challenged the French under Dupleix, and as a result, the two powers clashed. Dupleix`s army commanded by the Marquis de Bussy-Castelnau conquered the territories between Hyderabad and Cape Comorin. Robert Clivea – a British officer – came to India in 1744 AD and decisively defeated Dupleix. After this defeat, Dupleix was recalled in France in 1754. Despite a treaty between the British and the French pledging not to interfere in regional Indian affairs, their colonial intrigues continued. The French extended their influence to the court of the Nawab of Bengal and increased their commercial activities in Bengal.

In 1756, the Frenchman encouraged the Nawab (Siraj ud-Daulah) to attack and capture the British Fort William in Calcutta. This led to the Battle of Plassoy in 1757, in which the British decisively defeated the Nawab and its French allies, leading to the expansion of British power over the entire province of Bengal. The first High Commissioner, Kewal Singh, was appointed immediately after the Kizhoor referendum on 21 October 1954 under the Foreign Jurisdiction Act 1947. [14]: 964 The Chief Commissioner had the powers of the former French Commissioner, but he was under the direct control of the Union Government. [15]: 198 The French East India Company is founded by Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Minister of Finance of King Louis XIV. He struggled to get financial support from French merchants, and Colbert is said to have pressured many of them to join them. He persuaded François Charpentier of the Académie française to write a glowing ad about the benefits of joining the company, asking why the Frenchman should buy gold, pepper, cinnamon and cotton from foreign traders. Louis XIV wrote to 119 cities, ordering merchants to meet and discuss the subscription of the society, but many refused. Until 1668, the king himself was the largest investor, and the company was to remain under his control. The last Europeans to arrive in India were the French. The French East India Company was founded in 1664 AD during the reign of King Louis XIV to trade with India. In 1668 the French established their first factory in Surat and in 1669 AD another French factory in Masaulipatam.

In 1673, the Mughal Subedar of Bengal allowed the French to establish a community in Chandernagore. The revived company received the colonies of Mauritius (Island of France) in 1721 and Mahé in Malabar (India) in 1724. In 1740, the value of trade with India was half that of the British East India Company. In 1669, Marcara succeeded in founding another French factory in Masulipatam. In 1672, Fort Saint Thomas was taken, but the French were expelled by the Dutch after a long and costly siege. Chandernagore (now Chandannagar) was founded in 1692 with the permission of Nawab Shaista Khan, the Mughal governor of Bengal. In 1673, the Frenchman acquired the Pondicherry region from the Qilaidar of Valikondapuram under the Sultan of Bijapur, thus laying the foundations for Pondicherry.